Regular periodontal exams are an important part of every dental visit. During these exams, your dentist examines your gums, teeth and jawbone for early signs of decay, infection and gum disease, including gingivitis and periodontitis.
By detecting issues early, your dentist can recommend treatments to control bacteria buildup, protect your teeth and gums, and preserve your oral health.
What Is a Periodontal Exam?
Even if you brush your teeth twice a day and floss at least once, plaque can still accumulate below the gumline, causing irritation, deep pockets and potential infections. Left untreated, this buildup can result in painful inflammation, receding gums and even tooth loss.
A periodontal exam is a preventive measure that helps both you and your dentist identify and address concerns early. Often performed alongside a comprehensive dental checkup, this exam included a detailed review of your:
- Plaque levels and potential buildup
- Jawbone thickness and shape to assess bone health
- Tooth alignment to check for bite issues
- Gum health, including signs of redness, bleeding or swelling
- Tooth stability, ensuring none are loose
If any of these issues are detected, your dentist may recommend X-rays, saliva or blood tests, or additional follow-up procedures to confirm a diagnosis of periodontal disease. Depending on its progression, treatment may involve antibiotics or deep cleaning procedures like scaling and planing to remove bacteria from gum pockets.
What to Expect
Roughly 30 percent of Americans have some form of gum disease, often due to poor oral hygiene. When plaque and tartar accumulate, bacteria can travel below the gums, affecting the roots of teeth, connective tissues and even the bloodstream.
In the early stages, you may notice:
- Gum redness and irritation
- A pitted or swollen appearance
- Mild bleeding when brushing or flossing
As the condition progresses, symptoms can evolve to:
- Loose teeth that make chewing painful
- Persistent inflammation affecting jawbone structure
During a periodontal exam, your dentist will:
- Review Your Medical History: Conditions like heart disease and diabetes are often linked to gum disease. You may also be asked if you smoke, as this habit can weaken gum tissue.
- Examine Your Gums: Checking for redness, swelling and gum recession, which can increase the risk of tooth decay.
- Measure Gum Pocket Depth: Pockets harbor bacteria and often indicate periodontal disease. Depths greater than 8 to 10mm often require surgical intervention.
- Look for Signs of Inflammation: These include bleeding, pus, loose teeth or bite misalignment.
- Take X-Rays If Needed: To assess jawbone health and check for abscesses.
- Create a Treatment Plan: Based on findings, your dentist may recommend deep cleaning treatments like root planing to remove bacteria from gum pockets.
Benefits of Periodontal Exams for Oral Health
Ideally scheduled every six months, periodontal exams help:
- Detect gum disease early, preventing complications
- Maintain a healthy smile, strong teeth and gums
- Reduce the risk of tooth loss and infections
- Provide personalized advice on at-home dental care
Protect your teeth and gums with routine checkups! Schedule a periodontal exam today.